Ceris-CNR Working paper
12/2001Costs and Technology of Public
Transit Systems in Italy:
Some Insights to Face Inefficiency§
Giovanni Fraquelli
Massimiliano Piacenza
(Università di Roma "La Sapienza",
Ceris-CNR, Hermes)
Graziano Abrate
(Ceris-CNR, Hermes)
October 2001
Abstract
This study provides fresh evidence about the characteristics of technology and cost structure of public transit systems in Italy. The aim is to suggest useful guidelines for facing detected inefficiencies. The analysis is carried out through the estimation of a translog variable cost function. The sample includes 45 Italian public companies. Firms are observed in the years 1996, 1997 and 1998, and operate both in the urban and extra-urban compartments. Results support previous evidence on the existence of natural monopoly at local level and stress the importance of the average speed of vehicles in explaining cost differences between companies. We conclude that cost benefits can be achieved by promoting mergers between firms (whenever possible), introducing some forms of "competition-for-the-market" (e.g., competitive tendering for the single license) and taking more care of the local traffic regulation.
Key words: local public transport, cost structure, technology, regulation
JEL: L5, L92, R41
§
This work has been carried out within the Ceris-CNR/HERMES project "I trasporti locali: dal sussidio all’incentivazione all’efficienza". We would like to thank Massimo Filippini and Marc Ivaldi for their useful suggestions and Federtrasporti (ASSTRA) for the help in constructing the database.Paper presented at the 13th Annual Conference of the Italian Public Economics Society (SIEP), October 5-6, 2001, Pavia, Italy.